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Index WorldCountry page : AfghanistanPage in french
  Flag : AfghanistanAfghanistanPopulation Population
Government Government
Economy Economy
Geography Geography
Communication Communication
Transportation Transportation


Afghanistan - Asia



Population  PopulationTop of page
InhabitantsLife expectancy
31,889,923 (July 2007 est.)total population: 43.77 years
male: 43.6 years
female: 43.96 years (2007 est.)
Ethnic groupsReligions
Pashtun 42%, Tajik 27%, Hazara 9%, Uzbek 9%, Aimak 4%, Turkmen 3%, Baloch 2%, other 4%Sunni Muslim 80%, Shi'a Muslim 19%, other 1%
LanguagesLiteracy
Afghan Persian or Dari (official) 50%, Pashtu (official) 35%, Turkic languages (primarily Uzbek and Turkmen) 11%, 30 minor languages (primarily Balochi and Pashai) 4%, much bilingualismdefinition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 36%
male: 51%
female: 21% (1999 est.)


Government  GovernmentTop of page
Government typeCapital
Islamic republic Kabul
IndependanceNational day
19 August 1919 (from UK control over Afghan foreign affairs)Independence Day, 19 August (1919)
ConstitutionLegal system
new constitution drafted 14 December 2003-4 January 2004; signed 16 January 2004according to the new constitution, no law should be "contrary to Islam"; the state is obliged to create a prosperous and progressive society based on social justice, protection of human dignity, protection of human rights, realization of democracy, and to ensure national unity and equality among all ethnic groups and tribes; the state shall abide by the UN charter, international treaties, international conventions that Afghanistan signed, and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights


Economy  EconomyTop of page
GDP (purchasing power parity)Growth rate
$8.8 billion (2006 est.)8.4% (2006 est.)
GDP per inhabitantUnemployment rate
$800 (2004 est.)40% (2005 est.)
Population below poverty lineInflation rate
53% (2003)16.3% (2005 est.)
ExportsImports
$471 million (2005 est.)$3.87 billion (2005 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and goldCurrency
afghani (AFA)
Military expenditures
1.9% (2006 est.)


Geography  GeographyTop of page
LocationArea
Southern Asia, north and west of Pakistan, east of Iran 647,500 sq km
ClimateNatural resources
arid to semiarid; cold winters and hot summersnatural gas, petroleum, coal, copper, chromite, talc, barites, sulfur, lead, zinc, iron ore, salt, precious and semiprecious stones


Communication  CommunicationTop of page
CellularsInternet code
1.4 million (2005).af
Internet hostsInternet users
22 (2006)30,000 (2005)


Transportation  TransportationTop of page
AirportsRailways (in km)
46 (2006)
Roadways (in km)Pipelines (in km)
34,782 km gas 466 km (2006)