China
 | China |  Population Government Economy Geography Communication Transportation | |
 Population | Top of page | |
| Inhabitants | Life expectancy | |
| 1,321,851,888 (July 2007 est.) | total population: 72.88 years
male: 71.13 years female: 74.82 years (2007 est.) | |
| Ethnic groups | Religions | |
| Han Chinese 91.9%, Zhuang, Uygur, Hui, Yi, Tibetan, Miao, Manchu, Mongol, Buyi, Korean, and other nationalities 8.1% | Daoist (Taoist), Buddhist, Christian 3%-4%, Muslim 1%-2%
| |
| Languages | Literacy | |
| Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghaiese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry) | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 90.9% male: 95.1% female: 86.5% (2002) | |
 Government | Top of page | |
| Government type | Capital | |
| Communist state | Beijing | |
| Independance | National day | |
| 221 BC (unification under the Qin or Ch'in Dynasty); 1 January 1912 (Manchu Dynasty replaced by a Republic); 1 October 1949 (People's Republic established) | Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China, 1 October (1949) | |
| Constitution | Legal system | |
| most recent promulgation 4 December 1982 | based on civil law system; derived from Soviet and continental civil code legal principles; legislature retains power to interpret statutes; constitution ambiguous on judicial review of legislation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction | |
 Economy | Top of page | |
| GDP (purchasing power parity) | Growth rate | |
| $2.512 trillion (2006 est.) | 10.5% (official data) (2006 est.) | |
| GDP per inhabitant | Unemployment rate | |
| $7,600 (2006 est.) | 4.2% official registered unemployment in urban areas in 2005; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas (2005) | |
| Population below poverty line | Inflation rate | |
| 10% (2004 est.) | 1.5% (2006 est.) | |
| Exports | Imports | |
| $974 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) | $777.9 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) | |
| Reserves of foreign exchange and gold | Currency | |
| $1.034 trillion (2006 est.) | yuan (CNY); | |
| Military expenditures | ||
| 3.8% (2006) | ||
 Geography | Top of page | |
| Location | Area | |
| Eastern Asia, bordering the East China Sea, Korea Bay, Yellow Sea, and South China Sea, between North Korea and Vietnam | 9,596,960 sq km | |
| Climate | Natural resources | |
| extremely diverse; tropical in south to subarctic in north | coal, iron ore, petroleum, natural gas, mercury, tin, tungsten, antimony, manganese, molybdenum, vanadium, magnetite, aluminum, lead, zinc, uranium, hydropower potential (world's largest) | |
 Communication | Top of page | |
| Cellulars | Internet code | |
| 437.48 million (2006) | .cn | |
| Internet hosts | Internet users | |
| 232,780 (2006) | 123 million (2006) | |
 Transportation | Top of page | |
| Airports | Railways (in km) | |
| 486 (2006) | 74,408 km | |
| Roadways (in km) | Pipelines (in km) | |
| 1,870,661 km | gas 22,664 km; oil 15,256 km; refined products 6,106 km (2006) | |
