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Index WorldCountry page : GermanyPage in french
  Flag : GermanyGermanyPopulation Population
Government Government
Economy Economy
Geography Geography
Communication Communication
Transportation Transportation


Germany - Europe



Population  PopulationTop of page
InhabitantsLife expectancy
82,400,996 (July 2007 est.)total population: 78.95 years
male: 75.96 years
female: 82.11 years (2007 est.)
Ethnic groupsReligions
German 91.5%, Turkish 2.4%, other 6.1% (made up largely of Greek, Italian, Polish, Russian, Serbo-Croatian, Spanish)Protestant 34%, Roman Catholic 34%, Muslim 3.7%, unaffiliated or other 28.3%
LanguagesLiteracy
Germandefinition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99%
male: 99%
female: 99% (2003 est.)


Government  GovernmentTop of page
Government typeCapital
federal republic Berlin
IndependanceNational day
18 January 1871 (German Empire unification); divided into four zones of occupation (UK, US, USSR, and later, France) in 1945 following World War II; Federal Republic of Germany (FRG or West Germany) proclaimed 23 May 1949 and included the former UK, US, and French zones; German Democratic Republic (GDR or East Germany) proclaimed 7 October 1949 and included the former USSR zone; unification of West Germany and East Germany took place 3 October 1990; all four powers formally relinquished rights 15 March 1991Unity Day, 3 October (1990)
ConstitutionLegal system
23 May 1949, known as Basic Law; became constitution of the united Germany 3 October 1990civil law system with indigenous concepts; judicial review of legislative acts in the Federal Constitutional Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction


Economy  EconomyTop of page
GDP (purchasing power parity)Growth rate
$2.89 trillion (2006 est.)2.2% (2006 est.)
GDP per inhabitantUnemployment rate
$31,400 (2006 est.)7.1%
Population below poverty lineInflation rate
11% (2001 est.)1.7% (2006 est.)
ExportsImports
$1.133 trillion f.o.b. (2006 est.)$916.4 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and goldCurrency
$48.76 billion (August 2006 est.)euro (EUR)
Military expenditures
1.5% (2005 est.)


Geography  GeographyTop of page
LocationArea
Central Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, between the Netherlands and Poland, south of Denmark 357,021 sq km
ClimateNatural resources
temperate and marine; cool, cloudy, wet winters and summers; occasional warm mountain (foehn) windcoal, lignite, natural gas, iron ore, copper, nickel, uranium, potash, salt, construction materials, timber, arable land


Communication  CommunicationTop of page
CellularsInternet code
79.2 million (2005).de
Internet hostsInternet users
11.859 million (2006)50.616 million (2006)


Transportation  TransportationTop of page
AirportsRailways (in km)
554 (2006)47,201 km
Roadways (in km)Pipelines (in km)
231,581 km condensate 37 km; gas 25,035 km; oil 3,546 km; refined products 3,827 km (2006)