India
 | India |  Population Government Economy Geography Communication Transportation | |
 Population | Top of page | |
| Inhabitants | Life expectancy | |
| 1,129,866,154 (July 2007 est.) | total population: 68.59 years
male: 66.28 years female: 71.17 years (2007 est.) | |
| Ethnic groups | Religions | |
| Indo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and other 3% (2000) | Hindu 80.5%, Muslim 13.4%, Christian 2.3%, Sikh 1.9%, other 1.8%, unspecified 0.1% (2001 census) | |
| Languages | Literacy | |
| English enjoys associate status but is the most important language for national, political, and commercial communication; Hindi is the national language and primary tongue of 30% of the people; there are 14 other official languages: Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, and Sanskrit; Hindustani is a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely throughout northern India but is not an official language | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 59.5% male: 70.2% female: 48.3% (2003 est.) | |
 Government | Top of page | |
| Government type | Capital | |
| federal republic | New Delhi | |
| Independance | National day | |
| 15 August 1947 (from UK) | Republic Day, 26 January (1950) | |
| Constitution | Legal system | |
| 26 January 1950; amended many times | based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations; separate personal law codes apply to Muslims, Christians, and Hindus | |
 Economy | Top of page | |
| GDP (purchasing power parity) | Growth rate | |
| $796.1 billion (2006 est.) | 8.5% (2006 est.) | |
| GDP per inhabitant | Unemployment rate | |
| $3,700 (2006 est.) | 7.8% (2006 est.) | |
| Population below poverty line | Inflation rate | |
| 25% (2002 est.) | 5.3% (2006 est.) | |
| Exports | Imports | |
| $112 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) | $187.9 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) | |
| Reserves of foreign exchange and gold | Currency | |
| $165 billion (2006 est.) | Indian rupee (INR) | |
| Military expenditures | ||
| 2.5% (2006) | ||
 Geography | Top of page | |
| Location | Area | |
| Southern Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and Pakistan | 3,287,590 sq km | |
| Climate | Natural resources | |
| varies from tropical monsoon in south to temperate in north | coal (fourth-largest reserves in the world), iron ore, manganese, mica, bauxite, titanium ore, chromite, natural gas, diamonds, petroleum, limestone, arable land | |
 Communication | Top of page | |
| Cellulars | Internet code | |
| 69.193 million (2006) | .in | |
| Internet hosts | Internet users | |
| 1.543 million (2006) | 60 million (2005) | |
 Transportation | Top of page | |
| Airports | Railways (in km) | |
| 341 (2006) | 63,230 km | |
| Roadways (in km) | Pipelines (in km) | |
| 3,383,344 km | condensate/gas 8 km; gas 5,184 km; liquid petroleum gas 1,993 km; oil 6,500 km; refined products 6,152 km (2006) | |
