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Index WorldCountry page : IranPage in french
  Flag : IranIranPopulation Population
Government Government
Economy Economy
Geography Geography
Communication Communication
Transportation Transportation


Iran - Middle East



Population  PopulationTop of page
InhabitantsLife expectancy
65,397,521 (July 2007 est.)total population: 70.56 years
male: 69.12 years
female: 72.07 years (2007 est.)
Ethnic groupsReligions
Persian 51%, Azeri 24%, Gilaki and Mazandarani 8%, Kurd 7%, Arab 3%, Lur 2%, Baloch 2%, Turkmen 2%, other 1%Muslim 98% (Shi'a 89%, Sunni 9%), other (includes Zoroastrian, Jewish, Christian, and Baha'i) 2%
LanguagesLiteracy
Persian and Persian dialects 58%, Turkic and Turkic dialects 26%, Kurdish 9%, Luri 2%, Balochi 1%, Arabic 1%, Turkish 1%, other 2%definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 79.4%
male: 85.6%
female: 73% (2003 est.)


Government  GovernmentTop of page
Government typeCapital
theocratic republic Tehran
IndependanceNational day
1 April 1979 (Islamic Republic of Iran proclaimed)Republic Day, 1 April (1979)
ConstitutionLegal system
2-3 December 1979; revised 1989 to expand powers of the presidency and eliminate the prime ministershipthe Constitution codifies Islamic principles of government


Economy  EconomyTop of page
GDP (purchasing power parity)Growth rate
$194.8 billion (2006 est.)5% (2006 est.)
GDP per inhabitantUnemployment rate
$8,900 (2006 est.)15% according to the Iranian government (2007 est.)
Population below poverty lineInflation rate
40% (2002 est.)15.8% (2006 est.)
ExportsImports
$63.18 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)$45.48 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and goldCurrency
$58.46 billion (2006 est.)Iranian rial (IRR)
Military expenditures
2.5% (2006)


Geography  GeographyTop of page
LocationArea
Middle East, bordering the Gulf of Oman, the Persian Gulf, and the Caspian Sea, between Iraq and Pakistan 1.648 million sq km
ClimateNatural resources
mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coastpetroleum, natural gas, coal, chromium, copper, iron ore, lead, manganese, zinc, sulfur


Communication  CommunicationTop of page
CellularsInternet code
8.5 million (2005).ir
Internet hostsInternet users
5,242 (2006)7.5 million (2005)


Transportation  TransportationTop of page
AirportsRailways (in km)
321 (2006)7,256 km
Roadways (in km)Pipelines (in km)
179,388 km condensate 7 km; condensate/gas 397 km; gas 17,099 km; liquid petroleum gas 570 km; oil 8,521 km; refined products 7,808 km (2006)