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Index WorldCountry page : PolandPage in french
  Flag : PolandPolandPopulation Population
Government Government
Economy Economy
Geography Geography
Communication Communication
Transportation Transportation


Poland - Europe



Population  PopulationTop of page
InhabitantsLife expectancy
38,518,241 (July 2007 est.)total population: 75.19 years
male: 71.18 years
female: 79.44 years (2007 est.)
Ethnic groupsReligions
Polish 96.7%, German 0.4%, Belarusian 0.1%, Ukrainian 0.1%, other and unspecified 2.7% (2002 census)Roman Catholic 89.8% (about 75% practicing), Eastern Orthodox 1.3%, Protestant 0.3%, other 0.3%, unspecified 8.3% (2002)
LanguagesLiteracy
Polish 97.8%, other and unspecified 2.2% (2002 census)definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99.8%
male: 99.8%
female: 99.7% (2003 est.)


Government  GovernmentTop of page
Government typeCapital
republic Warsaw
IndependanceNational day
11 November 1918 (republic proclaimed)Constitution Day, 3 May (1791)
ConstitutionLegal system
adopted by the National Assembly 2 April 1997; passed by national referendum 25 May 1997; effective 17 October 1997mixture of Continental (Napoleonic) civil law and holdover Communist legal theory; changes being gradually introduced as part of broader democratization process; limited judicial review of legislative acts, but rulings of the Constitutional Tribunal are final; court decisions can be appealed to the European Court of Justice in Strasbourg; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations


Economy  EconomyTop of page
GDP (purchasing power parity)Growth rate
$337 billion (2006 est.)5.3% (2006 est.)
GDP per inhabitantUnemployment rate
$14,100 (2006 est.)14.9% (November 2006 est.)
Population below poverty lineInflation rate
17% (2003 est.)1.3% (2006 est.)
ExportsImports
$110.7 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)$113.2 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and goldCurrency
$49.69 billion (2006 est.)zloty (PLN)
Military expenditures
1.71% (2005 est.)


Geography  GeographyTop of page
LocationArea
Central Europe, east of Germany 312,685 sq km
ClimateNatural resources
temperate with cold, cloudy, moderately severe winters with frequent precipitation; mild summers with frequent showers and thundershowerscoal, sulfur, copper, natural gas, silver, lead, salt, amber, arable land


Communication  CommunicationTop of page
CellularsInternet code
29.166 million (2005).pl
Internet hostsInternet users
358,476 (2006)10.6 million (2005)


Transportation  TransportationTop of page
AirportsRailways (in km)
122 (2006)23,072 km
Roadways (in km)Pipelines (in km)
423,997 km gas 13,552 km; oil 1,384 km; refined products 777 km (2006)