Romania - Country information


		Romania	Population Government Economy Geography Communication Transportation

Population		Top of page

Inhabitants		Life expectancy
22,276,056 (July 2007 est.)		total population: 71.91 years male: 68.41 years female: 75.62 years (2007 est.)

Ethnic groups		Religions
Romanian 89.5%, Hungarian 6.6%, Roma 2.5%, Ukrainian 0.3%, German 0.3%, Russian 0.2%, Turkish 0.2%, other 0.4% (2002 census)		Eastern Orthodox (including all sub-denominations) 86.8%, Protestant (various denominations including Reformate and Pentecostal) 7.5%, Roman Catholic 4.7%, other (mostly Muslim) and unspecified 0.9%, none 0.1% (2002 census)

Languages		Literacy
Romanian 91% (official), Hungarian 6.7%, Romany (Gypsy) 1.1%, other 1.2%		definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 98.4% male: 99.1% female: 97.7% (2003 est.)

Government		Top of page

Government type		Capital
republic		Bucharest

Independance		National day
9 May 1877 (independence proclaimed from the Ottoman Empire; independence recognized 13 July 1878 by the Treaty of Berlin); 26 March 1881 (kingdom proclaimed); 30 December 1947 (republic proclaimed)		Unification Day (of Romania and Transylvania), 1 December (1918)

Constitution		Legal system
8 December 1991; revision effective 29 October 2003		former mixture of civil law system and communist legal theory; is now based on the constitution of France's Fifth Republic

Economy		Top of page

GDP (purchasing power parity)		Growth rate
$79.17 billion (2006 est.)		6.4% (2006 est.)

GDP per inhabitant		Unemployment rate
$8,800 (2006 est.)		6.1% (2006 est.)

Population below poverty line		Inflation rate
25% (2005 est.)		6.8% (2006 est.)

Exports		Imports
$33 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)		$46.48 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold		Currency
$27.88 billion (2006 est.)		"new" leu (RON) was introduced in 2005; "old" leu (ROL) was phased out in 2006;

Military expenditures
2.47% (2005 est.)

Geography		Top of page

Location		Area
Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Ukraine		237,500 sq km

Climate		Natural resources
temperate; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow and fog; sunny summers with frequent showers and thunderstorms		petroleum (reserves declining), timber, natural gas, coal, iron ore, salt, arable land, hydropower

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